Sociometry experiment psychology
Purpose -To explore choice status of the respondent in a group with the help of Sociometry.
Introduction⇒ The term sociometry relates to its latin etymology. Socious meaning companion and metrum meaning measure. ( Sociometry experiment psychology)
Sociometry is very popular method in social psychology. This method was developed by J.N. Moreno (1939) in his book “Who shall survive.” He used this method for measuring group morale. Along with it for the study of social psychology. This method is generally used for measuring problems related to group organisation, group structure, social organisation social interaction and attraction. The method was modified by Jenkisen (1964) and he said this method “Nomination technique.”
Jacob Mareno defined sociometry as- “The inquiry into the evolution and organization of group and the position of Individuals with in them.”
Or “
“A method for discouring, describing and evaluating social status, structure and development through measuring extent of the exceptance and rejection between Individual in group.“
According to Koolingir (1978) + “Sociometry is a broad term indicating a number of methods of gathering and analysing data on the choice communication and interaction patterns of people in a group.”
According to Secord (1974) = “Sociometry a means of obtaining quantitative data on the preference of group members for associating with others members.”
Above definition clearifies that – This is a technique to measure present relationship between members of any group.
Construction of Sociometric Scale
Sociometric is a scientific technique. Thus it can’t be constructed randomly, there is a fixed system to construct this experiment. It’s steps are as follows-
(1) Selection of Subject for Sociometry experiment psychology
(2)Selection of Criteria for Sociometry experiment psychology
(3)Data Collection for Sociometry experiment psychology
(4) Evaluation of data for Sociometry experiment psychology
(5)Data representation through sociogram
Description: Sociometry can be used as a tale, with the help of which choices in forming interpersonal relationships of people can be studied. It is a technique of measurement in which at least 5-6 group members are asked to select or choice member of same group based on the specific criteria.
everyone in group can make choices and describe why the choices made from these choices or preferences a drawing like a map of these networks called a sociogram is developed. The data for the sociogram may also be displayed as a table or matrix of each person’s choices. Such a table is called sociometric matrix/chart. It’s also important to understand the concept of sociometric star,mutuals, chains, isolates and sociogram.
Sociometric star- Regardless of criteria the purson whose name is selected by maximum members of the group is known as the sociometric star for that particular criteria.
Mutuals– Where two people choose
each other.
Chains – where person A choose person B who chooses C.
Isolates:The person who has not been choosen by any one with in the group.
Sociogram:With the help of the choices or preferences a drawing, like a map of those networks called a Sociogram is developed.
Sociometric chart:The data for the sociogram may also be displayed as a table of each person’s choices. Such a table is called Sociometric chart/table.
Respondents detail; 10 subjects were selected match age gender and qualification.
Name…………..
Age ……………..
Sex………………
Qualification……….
Material used:Paper, pen and two specific criteria for choice study time and leisure time.
Method
Instructions → The criteria were written or different sheets with the list of ten names. Each subject was individually contacted and given the following Instructions-“You will be given 10 names of people.Strike off your name. these people will be well know to you. You have to give preference for 2 people with whom you like to study.”
After obtaining this data, subjects were given another sheet with the following instructions.“You will be given 10 names of people, strike off your name. These people will be know to you. You have to give preference 2 people with whom you would like to spend leisure time.” The data thus obtained was used to create Sociometric matrix. Same procedure was followed by all of the subjects.
Results
Table:1 Choice matrix of study time
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| Sociometric indices
Table:2 Choice matrix for leisure time |
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Interpretation of Sociometry experiment psychology
- The more these are mutuals in group the more congenial the group is thus a great positive social climate in the group.
For the second criteria (leisure time), member C got maximum preference so he is the star person of the group.
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