Motivation experiment psychology

Introduction– Psychologist define motivation as an internal process that gide and maintain the behaviour understandings. Motivation is the word derived from the word ’motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or drives within the individuals.It is the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals.

But just saying this doesn’t make the meaning very clear.  We are presenting below the views of psychologists to understand the true meaning of motivation.

According to Baron, Berne and Kantowitz’ (Baron, Byme & Kantowitz, 1980), “In psychology we define motivation as a hypothetical internal process that provides the energy for behaviour and directs it toward specific goal.”

 According to Morgan, King, Weisz and Schopler 2 (Morgan, King, Weisz & Schopler, 1986), “Motivation  It refers to a driving and pulling force which continuously moves the behavior towards a particular goal.

 According to Coon & Mitterer (Coon & Mitterer, 2007), “Motivation refers to the dynamics of behavior.on the ways in which our actions are initiated,sustained,directed and terminated.’’

  According to Ciccarelli & Meyer* (Ciccarelli & Meyer, 2006), “Motivation is a process by which activities are started,directed,and continued so that physics or psychological needs or wants fulfilled .

 If we pay close attention to the views of the above psychologists, we will find that motivation is such a person’s internal state is said to produce some actions in it and direct its behavior in a particular direction (goal).  leads to the attainment of the objective.

   

There are two types of motivation 

Purpose– To study the effect of feedback on the performance of a simple motor task.

Hypotheses–

H1: Performance of the praised group would be better than the performance of the blamed group.

H2: Performance of the praised group would be better than the control group.

H3: Performance of the blamed group would be better than the performance of the control group.

Variables:

Independent Variable-three conditions of feedback (positive feedback, negative feedback and no feedback).

Dependent Variable– Performance on a simple motor task.

Material used: Stopwatch, Three Cancellation sheets, pen and paper.

Subjects’ details: Three subjects of same age, gender and Educational Qualification.

                    Method

Preliminary setup: Three subjects were selected (matched on age, gender and qualification). Two of them are experimental subjects (one is praised other is blamed during task) and the other one is control subject. Stopwatch is checked. Letters to be cancelled should be decided before starting the experiment (consonants, vowels, j, k or any other selected alphabets as per the choice of the experimenter.

Procedure: Individual administration first on experimental subjects and then on control subject. Following

Same procedure was followed for the experimental subject 2 and the

control subject except that the experimental subject 2 was given negative feedback after each trial and the control subject was not given any feedback.

Error of Omission (EO): the number of alphabets left out.

The correct cancellations of different groups (leaving the two types of errors) in five trials were counted

Precautions:The feedback was given in a consistent manner over five trials for experimental subject 1 and experimental subject 2.

                    Results

Qualitative data: An introspective report is taken which serves as qualitative data.

Quantitative data: The quantitative results are presented in the following tables

Table 1: Individual Observation tables for showing the performance of ES 1, ES2 and CS

Table 2: Pooled data showing the performance of the three groups

t-testing between praise(ES1) and blame(ES2), praise (ES1) and control, and blame(ES2) and control groups.

   

Table 1 for praised subject

Number of trials	Total letters cut by subject	Error of ommiation	Error of commission	Total errors	Total outputs
1	82	4	3	7	75
2	80	6	2	8	72
3	65	1	0	1	64
4	78	5	2	7	71
5	80	2	3	5	7

  

      Table 2 for blaimed group

Number of trials	Total letters cut by subject	Error of ommiation	Error of commission	Total errors	Total outputs
1	73	6	0	6	67
2	80	6	1	7	73
3	73	25	2	27	46
4	56	8	0	8	48
5	67	10	0	10	5

 

       Table 3 for control groups

Number of trials	Total letters cut by subject	Error of ommiation	Error of commission	Total errors	Total outputs
1	67	5	2	7	60
2	75	3	0	3	72
3	69	2	1	3	66
4	66	4	1	5	61
5	79	2	1	4	75

Table 1 showing polled data of experiment group one (praised)

Subject no	1	2	3	4	5
1	72	78	83	89	94
2	66	69	72	78	85
3	48	50	59	59	68
4	80	72	75	77	83
5	71	79	77	69	73
6	63	60	66	74	80
7	57	66	71	63	67
8	77	79	83	86	89
9	65	60	70	64	66
10	75	72	64	71	75

Table 5 showing polled data of experimental subjects two

Subject no	1	2	3	4	5
1	67	73	46	48	57
2	46	53	50	63	73
3	51	56	58	64	67
4	43	48	44	53	62
5	62	69	73	77	81
6	54	58	63	60	62
7	61	54	67	65	68
8	47	52	56	62	59
9	72	75	74	79	82
10	56	59	65	67	64

  Table 6 showing polled data of controlled subjects

Subject no	1	2	3	4	5
1	60	72	66	61	75
2	36	43	48	37	43
3	41	44	47	45	43
4	44	47	51	53	57
5	56	59	53	51	64
6	65	69	74	67	72
7	57	62	56	59	61
8	43	47	51	45	48
9	39	42	36	38	33
10	51	55	54	59	62

             Calculations

T test between praised groups and blaimed group

Number of subjects	Praised groups (x)	Blaimed group (y)
1	416	291
2	370	285
3	284	296
4	387	250
5	369	362
6	343	297
7	324	315
8	414	279
9	325	382
10	357	311
Total	3589	3068

  Mean of praised groups=358.9

T test between praised and controlled groups

Number of subjects	Praised groups (x)	control led group (y)
1	416	334
2	370	207
3	284	220
4	387	252
5	369	283
6	343	347
7	324	295
8	414	234
9	325	188
10	357	281
Total	3589	2641

T test between blaimed groups and controlled groups

Number of subjects	Blaimed groups (x)	Controlled groups (y)
1	291	334
2	285	207
3	296	220
4	250	252
5	362	283
6	297	347
7	315	295
8	279	234
9	382	188
10	311	281
Total	3068	2641

 

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